今天是九一八。晚上我问孩子：“你知道今天是什么日子吗？”
他说：“九一八。”
我说：“那你知道九一八是什么吗？”
他说知道，然后就把九一八事变从头到尾讲了一遍，前因后果说得挺细。我挺意外的，问他哪儿学的，他说道法课上讲的。他讲得比我想的多，我就听着，偶尔问一句“那后来呢”。
挂了这句，我又想了想。我们其实从来没正经坐下来谈过“战争是什么”“战争有多残酷”。但回头看，这事好像也不用特意谈——他平时看的东西、走的地方，早就一路渗进来了。
书里有。他本来就爱看历史军事这些，《三国演义》《水浒传》《明朝那些事儿》《三十六计》都读过，还自己写过《守江策》《以步兵抗衡骑兵》这种小文章。一战二战尤其熟，英文纪录片看过几部；抗日战争、解放战争、朝鲜战争也不是只知道名字，是大概知道为什么打、怎么打、最后什么结果。最近在听渤海小吏的《三国争霸》，那也不是听故事，是听分析——讲地理、讲后勤、讲制度，讲为什么这个决定会失败。和他之前听的钱儿爸《超级水浒传》、鲍鹏山讲水浒放在一起，等于是从水浒一路听到了三国。
我们平时也会聊两句“战争为什么会打起来”。但他琢磨的方向一直不是“战争好不好”，而是“这一仗为什么这么打”“什么条件下会输”。他自己会顺着这个去挖，去看。
他自己还写过战争。今年3月写了篇英文作文，题目就叫《how wars start》。原文我贴在下面，文笔就别挑了，essay刚学（后面附全文）。
他写的不是“战争好可怕”，是“战争为什么会发生”。资源、信念、恐惧——他是真在按因果去想这件事。
他也看见过战争留下来的东西。每去一个地方，我都会先查查当地有没有红色教育基地，有就带他去。博物馆、纪念馆，进去就是图片和文字，他自己看。我不讲，他也不问，就是看。看完了他心里自然有点东西。
印象最深的还是腾冲。滇西抗战纪念馆，国殇墓园里那排“娃娃兵”铜像，他献了花，还往铜像衣兜里放了颗糖。
这些算不上“教育”，就是在场。没人让他写感想，也没人要求他记住什么。但他站在那儿，看见了。
至于武器，他也不是“喜欢打打杀杀”。他是真在研究——装备怎么设计、战术怎么变、一个系统在什么条件下会失效。有本《bomb》，讲曼哈顿计划，核弹怎么造出来的、科学家怎么组织、情报怎么博弈，他翻来覆去读了十几遍。他清楚那东西是干什么用的，但他看的是“它怎么被造出来的”——工程、物理、系统，不是杀戮。
所以怎么和孩子谈战争？
我现在觉得，可能真不是找个时间郑重其事地谈。让他读，让他看，让他站到那些地方去。等他想说了，听着就行。
有些东西不用特意教。他读过的书、走过的那些地方，会在他心里长出他自己的理解。今天他能讲出九一八，就已经是最好的答案了。
wars have been an inee part of human history. in my opinion, wars begin mainly for three reasons: competition for resources, conflicts over beliefs, and fear between nations.
first, wars can be started by resources. resources like crude oil and land can become points of conflict. the 2003 iraq war was started because of the iraqi invasion of kuwait for its oil resources. the iraq war is often known as the world's first information war, but its reason was extremely simple: crude oil. the indian-pakistani war was fought because of land resources. this shows us that countries will often fight if they do not have enough resources or cannot get them with peaceful methods.
second, countries and groups often start conflicts because they have different ideas or religions. different ideas can lead to war between countries. the american civil war was fought because the north and south had different ideas about whether slavery should be abolished. in because of winn-dixie, franny's great-grandfather fought in that very war—a conflict rooted in deep disagreements, just like the ones i mentioned above. fighting between groups, countries, or areas can also be caused by religions. the gaza-israel war was caused because of different religions between the two areas.
finally, wars can be started because countries or groups fear each other will start a war first. eventually, this fear can cause a war. in the cold war, which did not develop into a full-scale war, the nuclear arms race was caused because countries feared that the other country would launch a nuclear missile first. as a result, the ussr and nato both built massive amounts of nuclear bombs and missiles. even though the cold war did cause massive innovation in technology, we should not start a war because we fear another country will start one.
in conclusion, wars can be started because of countries lacking or wanting more resources, different religions or ideas, and the fear that another country will strike first.
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